Frederick F. Lange

flange@engineering.ucsb.edu

Education:

Rutgers University, B. S., Ceramics, 1961

Pennsylvania State University, Ph.D., Solid State Technology, 1965

Academic:

1986–Present Professor, Materials Department, UCSB

1986–Present Professor, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, UCSB

1999-2005 ALCOA Professor. Materials Department, UCSB

1998-2005 Chair, Materials Department, UCSB

1979–1986 Adjunct Professor, Dept. Mat. Sci. & Eng., UCLA

Industrial:

1981–1986 Principal Scientist, Materials Dept, Rockwell International

Science Center, Thousand Oaks, CA

(1983) Rockwell Science Center (Acting Manager)

1978–1981 Manager, Structural Ceramics Group, Rockwell International

1976–1978 Member of Technical Staff, Rockwell International, Science Center

1973–1976 Fellow Scientist, Westinghouse Research Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA

1967–1973 Senior Scientist, Westinghouse Research Laboratory

1965-1967 Temporary Research Associate, UK Atomic Energy Est. Harwell, England

Distinctions, Honors and Awards

2007 Miegunyah Distinguished Fellow University of Melbourne

2003 ISI Highly Cited Researcher ISIHighlyCited.com

2002 Institute Mat. Sci., Distinguished Lecturer University of Connecticut

2002 Outstanding Educator Award, Ceramics Educational Council, Am. Ceram. Soc.

2002 Distinguished Life Member American Ceramic Society

2001 Hosler Alumni Scholar College of Earth & Mineral Sci., Penn. State Univ.

2000 Honorary Member Materials Research Society of India, Elected

1999 ALCOA Professor of Materials University of California, Santa Barbara

1998 M. G. McLaren Distinguished Lecturer The Ceramic Association of New Jersey /Rutgers Univ.

1997 Max Planck Research Award Max Planck Society, Germany

1996 Centennial Fellow Award Pennsylvania State Univ.

1993 Humboldt Senior Fellow Humboldt Foundation, Germany

1993 Memorial Lecture Purdue University Engineering

1992 National Academy of Engineering USA

1992 Distinguished Dow Lecturer Northwestern University

1991 Academy of Ceramics International

1989 Kraner Award Lehigh Section, American Ceramic Society

1988 John Jeppson Award American Ceramic Society

1987 Sosman Memorial Lecture Am. Ceram. Soc., Basic Sci. Div. Award

1983 Jubilee Professor Chalmers University (Sweden)

1982 Richard M. Fulrath Award Joint Jap./Am. Ceram. Soc., N. Cal. Div.

1982 Ross Coffin Purdy Award American Ceramic Society, Best Paper

1980 Rockwell Engineer of the Year Rockwell International Incorporated

1978 Elected Chair-person, Gordon Research Conference (Conference held in 1980)

1974 Fellow American Ceramic Society

Major Research Interests

Chemical Routes to Synthesize Epitaxial Thin Films,Colloidal Processing of Powders, Net-Shape Forming, Densification, Microstructure Control, Mechanics of Brittle Materials and their Composites,

Capillary Problems including Superhydrophobicity (not listed below)

My current research interests:

Solution Processing Routes to Single Crystal Films:

Two solution routes can be used to synthesize single crystal thin films. In the first, solutions containing metal-organic molecules (or complexed, inorganic salts) evaporate to a solid precursor and then decompose to an inorganic material during heating. These solutions can be used to spin-coat single crystal substrates. A partially dense, polycrystalline film forms first because the decomposition temperature is so low relative to the inorganic's melting temperature, the size of the critical nuclei require for spontaneous crystallization is much smaller than the film thickness. The simplest phenomena that converts the polycrystalline film into a single crystal is epitaxial grain growth: nano-crystallites with the same orientation as the substrate form at the substrate-film interface during decomposition, grow across the interface and through to the surface after the film becomes sufficiently dense to support grain growth. This mechanism is observed when the film and substrate structures are identical, and the lattice mismatch is small. When either the mismatch is large or the film and substrate structures are not similar, more complicated phenomena are observe, e.g., concurrent abnormal grain growth and thin film instability.

In the second, it is well know that oxides, nitrides, sulfides, etc, powders can be directly synthesized in a liquid. We discovered that single crystal thin films could be produced by placing a substrate into the same solution usually used to synthesize powder. For example, we have grown epitaxial films of BaTiO₃, (Ba,Pb)TiO₃, PbTiO₃, PZT, and (K,Na)NbO₃ on SrTiO3 single crystal substrates in water at temperatures ≤ 150 deg.C. More recently we have demonstrated that one can synthesize ZnO as single crystal thin films. By controlling the growth rate in the <0001> direction using the competitive adsorption of citrate ions above the iso-electric point of ZnO, one can produce ZnO single crystal thin films by lateral epitaxy overgrowth (LEO) on either (111) spinel or (0001) GaN substrates in water at 90°C.

F. F. Lange, "Chemical Solution Routes to Single-Crsytal Thin Films," Science, 273 [5277] 903-9 (1996). A Review

Jin Hyeok Kim, Eun-Mi Kim, David Andeen, Daniel Thomson, Steven P. DenBarrs, and F. F. Lange, “Growth of Heteroepitaxial ZnO thin Films on GaN-Buffered (0001) Substrates by Low Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis at 90°C,” Advanced Functional Materials (in press)

D Andeen, JH Kim, FF Lange et al, Lateral epitaxial overgrowth of ZnO in water at 90°C,” Advanced Functional Materials 16 [6] 799-804 (2006)

Jin Hyeok Kim, David Andeen and FF Lange, “Hydrothermal Growth of Periodic, Single-Crystal ZnO Microrods and Microtunnels,” Advanced Materials, 18 2453-2457, (2006)

D. Andeen, L. Loeffler, N. Padture and F.F. Lange, “Crystal Chemistry of Epitaxial ZnO (111) MgAl₂O₄ Produced by Hydrothermal Synthesis,” J. Crystal Growth, 259, 103-109 (2003).

L. Loeffler and F.F. Lange, “Hydrothermal Synthesis of Undoped and Mn-doped ZnGa₂O₄ Powders and Thin Films,” J. Mater. Res. 19, No. 3 (2004).

J.H. Kim, T.-J. Ha, C.I. Cheon and F.F. Lange, “Epitaxial Growth of (001)-Oriented and (116)-Oriented SrBi₂Ta₂O₉ Thin Films by Chemical Solution Deposition Method,” J. Crystal Growth, 225, 366-371, 2001.

A.T. Chien, J. Sachleben, J.H. Kim, J. Speck and F.F. Lange, “Synthesis and Characterization of PbTiO3 Powders and Heteroeptiaxial Thin Films by Hydrothermal Synthesis,” J. Mat. Res. 14 [8], 3303-11 (1999).

A.T. Chien, X. Xu, J.H. Kim, J. Sachleben, J. Speck and F.F. Lange, “Electrical Characterization of BaTiO3 Heteroeptiaxial Thin Films by Hydrothermal Synthesis,” J. Mat. Res. 14 [8], 3330- (1999).

J.H. Kim, Y. Kim, A.T. Chien and F.F. Lange, “Epitaxial Growth of PbZr_0.5Ti_0.5O₃ Thin Films on SrRuO₃ Substrates Using Chemical Solution Deposition: Microstructural and Ferroelectric Properties,” J. Mater. Res., 16, 1739-1744, 2001.

D. Kisailus, J.H. Choi, F.F. Lange “Chemical Solution Deposited GaN Films from Oxygen- and Nitrogen-Based Precursors,” J. Mat. Res. 17 [10] 2540-48, (2002).

M. Puchinger, D.J Kisailus, F.F. Lange, T. Wagner, "Microstructural Evolution of Precursor-Derived Gallium Nitride Thin Films." J. Cryst Growth 245 [3-4] 219-227 (2002).

G.K.L. Goh, C.G. Levi, F.F. Lange, “Hydrothermal Epitaxy of KTaO₃ Thin Films,” J. Mat. Res. 17 [11] 2852-2858 (2002).

G.K.L. Goh, S.M. Haile, C.G. Levi, F.F. Lange, “Hydrothermal Synthesis of Perovskite and Pyrochlore Powders of Potassium Tantalate,” J. Mat. Res. 17 [12] (2002).

S.A. Jewhurst, D. Andeen and F.F. Lange, “Crystal chemistry of the Epitaxy of cristobalite (SiO₂) on basal plane sapphire,” J. of Crystal Growth, 280, 168-172 (2005).

F. McNally, J.H. Kim and F.F. Lange, “Fatigue Properties of Lanthanum Strontium Manganate-Lead Zirconate Titanate Epitaxial Thin Film Heterostructures Produces by a Chemical Solution Deposition Method,” J. Mater. Res. 15, No. 7, 1546-1550 (2000).

P.A. Langjahr, T. Wagner, F.F. Lange and M. Rühle, “Phase Separation and Epitaxial Stabilization in BaCe0.5Zr0.5O3-Films on SrTiO3,” Z. Metallkd 90 [12] 978-2 (1999).

M. Puchinger, T. Wagner, D. Rodewald, F. Aldinger and F.F. Lange, “Gallium Nitride Thin Layers via a Liquid Precursor route,” J. Crystal Growth, 208 [1-4] 153-9, (2000).

J.H. Kim, F. F. Lange and Chae-Il Cheon, “Epitaxial Growth of Patered SrBi2Ta2 O9 lines by Channel Stamping,” J. Mat. Res. 14 [4] 1194-6 (1999).

J.H. Kim and F.F. Lange, “Seeded Epitaxial Growth of PbTiO3 Thin Films on (001) LaAlO3 Using the Chemical Solution Deposition Method,” J. Mat. Res. 134 [4] 1626-33 (1999).

C.D.E. Lakeman, Y. Xia, J.-H. Kim and X. Wu, H.G. Eckert, F.F. Lange, “Epitaxial Films of Li1-xNb1-xWxO3 Prepared by Chemical Solution Deposition,” J. Mater. Res., 13[6], 1596-1606 (1998).

P.M. Moran and F.F. Lange, “Microscale Lithography via Channel Stamping: Relationships between Capillarity, Channel Filling and Debonding,” APL 74 [9] 1332-1334 (1999).

A.D. Polli, F.F. Lange, M. Ahlskog, R. Menon and A.K. Cheetham, "Processing CMR Thin Films via Chemical Solution Deposition," J. Mat. Res. 14 [4] 1337-42 (1999).

J.H. Kim, F. F. Lange and Chae-Il Cheon, “Epitaxial Growth of Patered SrBi2Ta2 O9 lines by Channel Stamping,” J. Mat. Res. 14 [4] 1194-6 (1999).

J.H. Kim and F.F. Lange, “Seeded Epitaxial Growth of PbTiO3 Thin Films on (001) LaAlO3 Using the Chemical Solution Deposition Method,” J. Mat. Res. 134 [4] 1626-33 (1999).

P.A. Langjahr, T. Wagner, F.F. Lange, and M. Rühle, "Epitaxial Growth and Structure of Highly Mismatched Oxide Films with Rock-Salt Sturcture on MgO," Thin Films - Structure and Morphology. Symposium, Ed. by: Moss, S.C.; Ila, D.; Cammarata, R.C.; Chason, E.H.; and others, Mater. Res. Soc, p. 193-8, (1997).

T. A. Derouin, C.D.E. Lakeman, X.H. Wu, J. S. Speck, and F. F. Lange, "Effect of Lattice Mismatch on the Epitaxy of Sol-Gel LiNbO₃ Thin Films," J. Mat. Res. 12 [5] 1391-1400 (1997).

Yin Xia, Nobuya Machida, Zuehua Wu, Charles Lakeman, Leo van Wüllen, Fred Lange, Carlos Levi and Hellumut Echert, "⁷Li and ⁶Li Solid State NMR Studies of Structure and Dynamics in LiNbO₃-WO₃ Solid Solution, J. Phys. Chem. B 101 9180-7 (1997).

A.T. Chien, J.S. Speck, and F.F. Lange, "Hydrothermal Heteroepitaxial of Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 at 90-150 deg.C" J. Mat. Res. 12 [5] 1176--8 (1997).

D. Heimann, T. Wagner, J. Bill, F. Aldinger and F. F. Lange, "Epitaxial Growth of Beta-SiC Thin Films on a 6H-SiC Substrate Using the Solution Precursor Method," J. Mat. Res. 12 [11] 3099-3101 (1997).

A. Seifert, A. Vojta, J. S. Speck, and F. F. Lange, "Microstructural Instability in Single-Crystal Thin Films," J. Mater. Res. 11 [6] 1470-82 (1996).

A. Chien, J.S. Speck, F.F. Lange, A. Daykin, and C.G. Levi, "Low Temperature/Low Pressure Hydrothermal Synthesis of Barium Titanate: Powder and Heteroepitaxial Thin Films," J. Mat. Res. 10 [7] 1784-9 (1995).

Andreas Seifert, Fred F. Lange and James S. Speck, "Epitaxial Growth of PbTiO3 Thin Films on (001) SrTiO3 from Solution Precursors," J. Mat. Res. 10 [3] 680-91 (1995).

K.T. Miller, C.J. Chan, M.G. Cain, F.F. Lange, "Epitaxial Zirconia Thin Films from Aqueous Precursors", J. Materials Res. Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 169-177, (1993).

K.T. Miller and F.F. Lange, “Highly Oriented Thin Films of Cubic Zirconia on Sapphire Through Grain Growth Seeding,” J. Mat. Res. 6 [11] 2387-92 (1991).

K. T. Miller, F. F. Lange, and D. B. Marshall, “The Instability of Polycrystalline Thin Films: Experiment and Theory,” J. Mat. Res. 1 [5] 151-60 (1990).

K. T. Miller and F. F. Lange, “The Morphological Stability of Polycrystalline Fibers,” Acta Met. 37 [5] 1343-7 (1989).

Colloidal Routes to the Powder Processing of Ceramics:

Like atoms, attractive and repulsive potentials exist between particles. The attractive van der Waals (vdw) potential always exits. Either short- or long-range repulsive potentials can be developed either by changing the chemistry of the liquid in which the particles reside, or by adsorbing short or long molecules on the surface of each particle. In general, 3 different particle networks can be formed: attractive and touching networks (only vdw potential), strongly repulsive networks (vdw + long range repulsion, eg. long, adsorbed molecules), and weakly attractive, but non-touching networks (vdw + short-range repulsion). Conceptually, it appears that the interparticle potential controls nearly everything including particle packing, the mechanical properties (rheology) of the particle liquid system, plastic or brittle behavior of consolidated and saturated powder compacts. The details of how this control is exerted is the subject of current research. The understanding of how interparticle potentials control these and other properties is necessary to develop advance forming technologies and reliable, engineering components.

Z. Zhang and FF Lange, Investiation on strain recovery during micofabrication by colloidal isopressing, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 89 [7] 2348-51 (2006)

RM Bock and FF Lange, “Effects of C(n)TAB chain length and concentration on the rehological properties of aqueous suspensions of alkylated alumina powder,” J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 89 [3] 817-22 (2006)

SM Klein, Manoharan VN, Pine DJ, and FF Lange, “Synthesis of spherical polymer and titania photonic crystallites,” Langmuir 21 [15] 6669-74 (2005)

Z. Zhang, B. Liu and F.F. Lange, “Increasing Wet Green Strength of Alumina Body During Microfabrication by Colloidal Isopressing,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 88 [6] 1411-1414 (2005).

G.E. Fair and F.F. Lange, “Effect of Interparticle Potential on Forming Solid, Spherical Agglomerates during Drying,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 87 [1] 4-9 (2004).

S. Klein, M. Fisher, G. Franks, M. Colic and F. F. Lange, “Effect of the Interparticle Pair Potential on the Rheological Behavior of Zirconia Powders: II, The Influence of Chem-Adsorbed Silanes,” J. Am. Cerm. Soc. 84 [5], 991-5, 2001.

S.M. Klein, V.N. Manoharan, D.J. Pine and F.F. Lange, “Preparation of Monodisperse PMMA Microspheres in Nonpolar Solvents by Dispersion Polymerization with a Macromonomeric Stabilizer,” Colloid and Polym. Sci., 282 (1): 7-13 (2003).

R. Joray, B. Yu, F.F. Lange and J. Pollinger, Optimization of an Aqueous, Commercial Silicon Nitride Slurry for Colloidal Isopressing, J. Eur Ceram. Soc. 22 [7] 1061-6 (2002).

Z. Zhang and F.F. Lange “Patterning Ceramic Surfaces by Colloidal Isopressing.” Adv. Eng. Mat. 4 [5] 294–5 (2002).

M.L. Fisher, M. Colic, M.P. Rao and F.F. Lange, “Effect of Silica Nanoparticle Size on the Stability of Alumina/Silica Suspensions,” J.Am. Ceram. Soc., 84, 713-18, 2001.

P.M. Biesheuvel and F.F. Lange, “Application of the Charge Regulation Model to the Colloidal Processing of Ceramics,” Langmuir, 17, 3557-3562, 2001

G.V. Franks and F.F. Lange, “Plastic Clay-like Flow Stress of Saturated Advanced Ceramic Powder Compacts,” J. European Ceram. Soc., 21, 893-899, 2001.

B.C. Yu and F.F. Lange, “Colloidal Isopressing: A New Shape-Forming Method,” Advanced Materials, 13, No. 4, 2001.

L.M. Palmqvist, F.F. Lange, W. Sigmund and J. Sindel, “Dispersion and Consolidation of Alumina using a Bis-Hydrophilic Diblock Copolymer,” Am. Ceram. Soc., 83 [7] 1585-91 (2000).

M. Colic, G. Franks, M. Fisher, and F.F. Lange, “Chemisorption of Organofunctional Silane on Silicon Nitride for Improved Aqueous Processing,” J. Am. Ceramic Soc. 81 [8] 2157-63 (1998).

G.V. Franks and F.F. Lange, "Plastic Flow of Saturated, Consolidated, Alumina Powder Compacts: Particle Size and Binary Mixtures", J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82 [6] 1595-1597 (1999).

G.V. Franks and F.F. Lange, “Mechanical Behavior of Saturated, Consolidated, Alumina Powder Compacts, Effect of Particle Size and Morphology on the Plastic-to-Brittle Transition,” Coll. Surface A 146: (1-3) 5-17 (1999).

G.V. Franks, M. Colic, M.L. Fisher and F.F. Lange, "Plastic-to-Brittle Transition of Consolidated Bodies: Effect of Counterion Size," J. Colloid and Interface Sci. 193 96-103 (1997).

George V. Franks, Miroslav Colic, Matthew L. Fisher and Fred F. Lange, "Plastic-to-Brittle Transition of Consolidated Bodies: Effect of Counterion Size," J. Colloid and Interface Sci. 193 96-103 (1997).

M. Colic, G.V. Franks, M. Fisher, and F.F. Lange, "Effect of Counterion Size on Short Range Repulsive Forces at High Ionic Strength," Langmuir, 13 [12] 3129-35 (1997).

W. A. Ducker, E.P. Luther, D.R. Clarke and F. F. Lange, "Effect of Zwitterionic Surfactants on Interparticle Forces, Rheology and Particle Packing of Silicon Nitride Slurries," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 80 [3]575-83 (1997).

George V. Franks, Bhaskar V. Velamakanni, and Fred F. Lange, "VibraForming and In-situ Flocculation of Consolidate, Coagulated Alumina Slurries," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78 [5] 1324-28 (1995).

Erik P. Luther, Fred F. Lange and Dale S. Pearson, "Alumina' Surface Modification of Silicon Nitride for Colloidal Processing," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78 [8] 2009-14 (1995).

Processing and Properties Ceramic Composites:

Laminates Exhibiting a Threshold Strength: The Lange Group has shown, through theory and experiments, that compressive layers arrest large cracks (surface and internal) to produce a threshold strength, allowing an engineer to reliably design with brittle materials. The K function derived for a crack sandwiched between two compressive layers suggests that the threshold strength is proportional to the residual, compressive stress, the layer thickness, and inversely proportional to the distance between the compressive layers. All of these factors have been experimentally examined. Cracks that propagate straight though the layer obey the K function. Crack bifurcation, which occurs at higher compressive stresses, produces larger threshold strengths than predicted. Crack bifurcation is a new phenomenon that is still, little understood. During the initial studies, differential thermal contraction during cooling from the densification temperature was used to develop the compressive stresses in laminar ceramics. More recently, we have used molar volume changes to induce the compressive stress. In one case, we have shown that the compressive stresses could arise when the compressive layer was formed with a mixture of un-stabilized zirconia and alumina, sandwiched between thicker layers of alumina. Ion exchanged glass plates that are subsequently bonded together also produce a threshold strength. More recently, processing methods to surround prismatic and polyhedra macrostructures have also been developed.

Fiber Composites: Ceramic fibers are strong simply because their diameter is small, which limits the size of their strength limiting flaw. When incorporated into a ceramic matrix, the strong fibers must be 'isolated' from cracks that propagate through the matrix. This is accomplished by phenomena that cause matrix cracks to deflect and propagate around the fibers, so that the fibers 'bridge' the fractured portions of the matrix to produce a high-strain-to-failure, damage-tolerant, high-temperature material. Achieving and understanding phenomena that produce crack deflection is a subject of current research which involves a close and iterative relation between processing, microstructural characterization and mechanical property determinations. This subject is not limited to fiber reinforced materials, but also involves laminar composites without fibers. Here, crack deflection is designed to occur at the interface (or interphase) between layers. The analogies between fiber and laminar composites are synergistic to our understanding of the crack deflection phenomena.

F.F. Lange, “Stresses and Crack Extension in Multi-Layered Ceramic Composites,” Key Eng. Mat. 333, pp 1-16 (2007) (Review)

F. F. Lange, "The Sophistication of Ceramic Science Through Silicon Nitride Studies," J. Ceramic Soc. of Japan 114 [11] 873-79 (2006) (Review)

T Kiefer, Moon H, FF Lange, “Compressive surface layer to avoid edge cracking in laminar ceramic composite,” J Amer. Ceram. Soc. 88 [10] 2855-8 (2005)

M.G. Pontin and F.F. Lange, “Effects of Porosity on the Threshold Strength of Laminar Ceramics,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 88 [2] 376-382 (2005).

M.G. Pontin and F.F. Lange, “Crack Bifurcation at the Surface of Laminar Ceramics That Exhibit a Threshold Strength,” J. Am Ceram. Soc., 88 [5], 1315-1317 (2005).

G.E. Fair, M.Y. He, R.M. McMeeking and F.F. Lange, “Ceramic Composites with Three-Dimensional Architectures Designed to Produce a Threshold Strength-II. Mechanical Observations,” J. Am Ceram Soc., 88 [7] 1879-1885 (2005).

G.E. Fair and F.F. Lange, “Ceramic Composites with Three-Dimensional Architectures Designed to Produce a Threshold Strength-I. Processing,” J. Am Ceram. Soc., 88 [5], 1158-1164 (2005).

H. Moon, MG. Pontin, FF Lange, “Crack interactions in laminar ceramics that exhibit a threshold strength,” J Am. Ceram. Soc. 87 [9] 1694-1700 (2004)

M.G. Holmquist and F.F. Lange, “Processing and Properties of a Porous Oxide Matrix Composite Reinforced with Continuous Oxide Fibers,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 86 [10] 1733-40 (2003).

M.G. Holmquist, T.C. Radsick, O.H. Sudre, F.F. Lange, "Fabrication and Testing of All-Oxide CFCC Tubes," Composites Part A-Appl. Sci. and Manufacturing, 34 [2] 163-70 (2003).

M.G. Pontin, M.P. Rao, A.J. Sánchez-Herencia and F.F. Lange, “Laminar Ceramics Utilizing the Zirconia Tetragonal-to-Monoclinic Phase Transformation to Obtain a Threshold Strength,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 85 (12) 3041-48 (2002).

M.P. Rao and F.F. Lange, “Factors Affecting Threshold Strength in Laminar Ceramics Containing Thin Compressive Layers,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 85 [5] 1222-8 (2002).

M.P. Rao, J. Rödel and F.F. Lange, “Residual Stress Induced R-Curves in Laminar Ceramics that Exhibit a Threshold Strength,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 84 [2722-24], 2001.

F.F. Lange, C.G. Levi and F.W. Zok, “Processing Fiber Reinforced Ceramics with Porous Matrices”, in Chap. 14, pp 427-47, Vol 4, Carbon/Carbon, Cement and Ceramic Matrix Composites Ed of Vol 4: R. Warren, part of 6 Vol. Series Comprehensive Composite Materials, Editors of series: A. Kelly and C. Zweben, Elsevier Science Publisher, 2000.

A.J. Sánchez-Herencia, L. James and F.F. Lange, “Bifurcation in Alumina Plates Produced by a Phase Transformation in Central, Alumina/Zirconia Thin Layers,” J. European Ceram. Soc., 20, 1297-1300 (2000).

M.P. Rao, A.J. Sánchez-Herencia, G.E. Beltz, R.M. McMeeking and F.F. Lange, “Laminar Ceramics That Exhibit a Threshold Strength,” Science, 286, pp 102-5, Oct. 1 (1999).

A. J. Sanchez-Herencia, C. Pascual, J. He, F.F. Lange, “ZrO2/ZrO2 Layered Composites for Crack Bifurcation,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82 [6] 1512-1518 (1999).

W. A. Cutler, F.W. Zok and F.F. Lange, "Delamination Resistance of Hybrid Ceramic Composites Laminates," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 80 [12] 3029-37, 1997.

Olivier Sudre and F. F. Lange, "Effect of Matrix Grain Growth Kinetics on Composite Denisfication ," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 80 [3] 800-2 (1997).

Willard A. Cutler, Frank W. Zok, and F. F. Lange, "Mechanical Behavior of Several hybrid Ceramic-Matrix-Composite Laminates," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79 [7] 1825-33 (1996).

Matthias Oechsner, C. Hillman, and F. F. Lange, "Crack Bifurcation in Laminar Ceramic Composites," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79 [7] 1834-38 (1996).

C. Hillman, Z. Suo, and F.F. Lange, "Cracking of Laminates Subjected to Biaxial Tensile Strains," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79 [8] 2127-2133 (1996).

Paul Honeyman-Colvin and Fred F. Lange, "Infiltration of Porous Alumina Bodies with Solution Precursors: Strengthening via compositional Grading, Grain Size Control and Transformation Toughening," J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 79 [7] 1810-14 (1996).

S.Ho, C.Hillman, F.F. Lange and Z. Suo, "Surface Cracking in Layers Under Biaxial, Residual Compressive Stress," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78 [9] 2353-59 (1995).

W.C. Tu and F.F. Lange, "Liquid Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis of Powder Compacts, I: Kinetic Studies and Microstructure Development," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78 [12] 3277-82 (1995).

W.C. Tu and F.F. Lange, "Liquid Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis of Powder Compacts, II, Fracture Toughness and Strength," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78 [12] 3283-9 (1995).

W.C. Tu, F.F. Lange and A.G. Evans "Concept for a Damage-Tolerant Ceramic Composite with "Strong" Interfaces.," J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79 [2] 417-24 (1996).

F.F. Lange, W.C. Tu and A.G. Evans "Processing of Damage Tolerant, Oxidation Resistant CMC's by a Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis Method," Mat. Sci. & Eng. A195 145-050 (1995).

Professional Societies

National Academy of Engineering, Member (1992-)

American Ceramic Society Associate Editor, 1987-1992 Secretary, Basic Sci. Div. 1991, Chair-elect, 1993, Chair 1994

Materials Research Society Member since 1985, Principal Editor for Journal, 1986-1988

Books Edited

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Concepts, Flaws, and Fractography, Vol. 1, co-editors: R. C. Bradt, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1974

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Microstructure, Materials, and Applications, Vol. 2, co-editors: R. C. Bradt, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1974

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Flaws and Testing, Vol. 3, co-editors: R. C. Bradt, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1978

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Crack Growth and Microstructure, Vol. 4, co-editors: R. C. Bradt, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1978

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Surface Flaws, Statistics, and Microcracking, Vol. 5, co-editors: R. C. Bradt, A. G. Evans, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1983

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Measurements, Transformations, and High-Temperature Testing, Vol. 6, co-editors: R. C. Bradt, A. G. Evans, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1983

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Composites, Impact, Statistics, and High-Temperature Phenomena, Vol. 7, co-editors: R. C. Bradt, A. G. Evans, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1986

Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics-Microstructure, Methods, Design, and Fatigue, Vol. 8, co‑editors: R. C. Bradt, A. G. Evans, D. P. H. Hasselman, Plenum Press, 1986

Patents 32

6,878,466 Improving the reliability of brittle materials via a threshold strength (MPRao) 4/12/05

6,872,675 Method making macroporous ceramics (Imhof and Pine) 3/29/05

6,787,080 Colloidal IsoPressing (Yu) 9/7/04

6,770,131 II-V Compound films using Chemical Deposition (Kisailus) 8/3/04

6,254,675 Production of epitactic GaN layers on substrates (Kasailus) July 2001

6,228,340 Method for the Production of Macroporous Ceramics (Imhof, Pine) May 8, 2001

6,132,542 Method of fabricating hybrid ceramic matrix composite laminates(Cutler) Oct 17, 2000

6,117,233 Formation of single-crystal thin SiC films (J.Bill, et al) Sept 12, 2000

6,087,971 Method of Fabricating an Improved Ceramic Radome (DClarke) July, 11, 2000

6,025,048 Hybrid Ceramic Matrix Composite Laminates(WCutler and FZok) Feb. 15, 2 000

5,856,252 Damage tolerant ceramic matrix composites by a precursor infiltration Jan. 5, 1999

DE 19503976 Solution Route to Epitaxial SiC Film, Bill, Wagner, Heimann, Aldinger May 9, 1996

5,284,698 Partially stabilized ZrO2-based laminar ceramic composites Feb. 8, 1994

5,188,780 Method for preparation of dense ceramic products Feb. 23, 1993

5,167,271 Method to produce ceramic reinforced matrix composite articles Dec. 1, 1992

5,092,948 Fiber reinforced laminated ceramic composites and method thereof Mar. 3, 1992

5,047,374 Surface strengthened composite ceramic material Sept. 10, 1991

4,640,902 Low thermal conductivity Si3N4 /ZrO2composite ceramics Feb. 3, 1987

4,624,808 Forming a ceramic by flocculation and centrifugal casting Nov. 25, 1986

4,457,958 Method of strengthening silicon nitride ceramics Jul. 3, 1984

4,358,516 Sodium ion conductor, solid electrolyte strengthened with zirconia Nov. 9, 1982

4,316,964 Al2O3 /ZrO2 ceramic Feb. 23, 1982

4,187,116 Silicon nitride-silicon carbide composite material Feb. 5, 1980

4,184,882 Silicon nitride-silicon carbide composite material Jan. 22, 1980

4,179,486 Method of protecting Si3N4 ceramic alloy during heating Dec. 18, 1979

4,130,157 Silicon nitride leachable ceramic cores Dec. 19, 1978

4,102,698 Silicon nitride compositions in the Si3N4 -Y2O3 -SiO2 System Jul. 25, 1978

4,099,979 Si3N4 Hot-pressed with MgO Jul. 11, 1978

4,041,123 Method of compacting shaped powdered objects Aug. 9, 1977

3,992,497 Pressureless sintering silicon nitride powders Nov. 16, 1976

3,953,221 Fully dense ceramic article and magnesium oxide as a sintering aid Apr. 27, 1976

3,699,642 Method for Bonding Sheet Metal Cladding to a Body Oct. 24, 1972

10 Most Highly Cited Publications out of 322 Journal Publications, ranked by number of citations (Dec. 2006)

1. LANGE FF, POWDER PROCESSING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR INCREASED RELIABILITY

J AM CERAM SOC 72: (1) 3-15 JAN 1989

Times Cited: 559

2. LANGE FF, TRANSFORMATION TOUGHENING .1. SIZE EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE THERMODYNAMICS OF CONSTRAINED TRANSFORMATIONS

J MATER SCI 17: (1) 225-234 1982

Times Cited: 378

3. LANGE FF, SINTERABILITY OF AGGLOMERATED POWDERS

J AM CERAM SOC 67: (2) 83-89 1984

Times Cited: 292

4. LANGE FF, INTERACTION OF A CRACK FRONT WITH A SECOND-PHASE DISPERSION

PHILOS MAG 22: (179) 983-& 1970

Times Cited: 248

5. GUPTA TK, LANGE FF, BECHTOLD JH, EFFECT OF STRESS-INDUCED PHASE-TRANSFORMATION ON PROPERTIES OF POLYCRYSTALLINE ZIRCONIA CONTAINING METASTABLE TETRAGONAL PHASE J MATER SCI 13: (7) 1464-1470 1978

Times Cited: 226

6. LANGE FF, RELATION BETWEEN STRENGTH, FRACTURE ENERGY, AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF HOT-PRESSED SI3N4 J AM CERAM SOC 56: (10) 518-522 1973

Times Cited: 185

7. LANGE FF, FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS OF SI3N4 AS A FUNCTION OF THE INITIAL ALPHA-PHASE CONTENT J AM CERAM SOC 62: (7-8) 428-430 1979

Times Cited: 173

8 LANGE FF, DUNLOP GL, DAVIS BI, DEGRADATION DURING AGING OF TRANSFORMATION-TOUGHENED ZRO2-Y2O3 MATERIALS AT 250-DEGREES-C J AM CERAM SOC 69: (3) 237-240 1986 Times Cited: 170

9. LANGE FF, TRANSFORMATION TOUGHENING .3. EXPERIMENTAL-OBSERVATIONS IN THE ZRO2-Y2O3 SYSTEM, J MATER SCI 17: (1) 240-246 1982

Times Cited: 169

10. LANGE FF, CHEMICAL SOLUTION ROUTES TO SINGLE CRYSTAL THIN FILMS, SCIENCE 273 (5277): 903-909 AUG 16 1996
Times Cited: 161